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Adeyeye, K and Emmitt, S (2017) Multi-scale, integrated strategies for urban flood resilience. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 494-520.
Ahmed, I (2016) Housing and resilience: case studies from the Cook Islands. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 489-500.
Ali, R A, Mannakkara, S and Wilkinson, S (2020) Factors affecting successful transition between post-disaster recovery phases: a case study of 2010 floods in Sindh, Pakistan. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 597–614.
Baroudi, B and Rapp, R (2016) Disaster restoration project management: leadership education and methods. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 434-43.
Choi, C Y and Honda, R (2019) Motive and conflict in the disaster recovery process. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 408–19.
Durage, S W, Wirasinghe, S C and Ruwanpura, J Y (2017) Tornado mitigation network analysis and simulation. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 478-93.
Feofilovs, M, Romagnoli, F, Gotangco, C K, Josol, J C, Jardeleza, J M P, Litam, J E, Campos, J I and Abenojar, K (2020) Assessing resilience against floods with a system dynamics approach: a comparative study of two models. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 615–29.
Firouzi Jahantigh, F and Jannat, F (2019) Analyzing the sequence and interrelations of Natech disasters in Urban areas using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 392–407.
Ganguly, K K, Padhy, R K and Rai, S S (2017) Managing the humanitarian supply chain: a fuzzy logic approach. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 521-36.
Harisuthan, S, Hasalanka, H, Kularatne, D and Siriwardana, C (2020) Applicability of the PTVA-4 model to evaluate the structural vulnerability of hospitals in Sri Lanka against tsunami. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 581–96.
Huong, H T L and Dzung, L H (2020) Criteria for flood warning levels in Vietnam. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 645–58.
Ismail, F Z, Halog, A and Smith, C (2017) How sustainable is disaster resilience? An overview of sustainable construction approach in post-disaster housing reconstruction. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 555-72.
Kashem, S B (2019) Housing practices and livelihood challenges in the hazard-prone contested spaces of rural Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 420–34.
Kimura, N, Tai, A and Hashimoto, A (2017) Flood caused by driftwood accumulation at a bridge. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 466-77.
Kuittinen, M (2016) Does the use of recycled concrete lower the carbon footprint in humanitarian construction?. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 472-88.
Low, S P, Gao, S and Wong, G Q E (2017) Resilience of hospital facilities in Singapore’s healthcare industry: a pilot study. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 537-54.
Maal, M and Wilson-North, M (2019) Social media in crisis communication – the “do’s” and “don’ts”. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 379–91.
Mandal, S, Sarathy, R, Korasiga, V R, Bhattacharya, S and Dastidar, S G (2016) Achieving supply chain resilience: The contribution of logistics and supply chain capabilities. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 544-62.
Mukhopadhyay, S, Halligan, J and Hastak, M (2016) Assessment of major causes: nuclear power plant disasters since 1950. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 521-43.
Naja, M K and Baytiyeh, H (2016) Risk assessment of high schools in Lebanon for potential terrorist threat. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 460-71.
Oloo, J O and Omondi, P (2017) Strengthening local institutions as avenues for climate change resilience. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 8(05), 573-88.
Ongkowijoyo, C S, Doloi, H and Mills, A (2019) Participatory-based risk impact propagation and interaction pattern analysis using social network analysis. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 363–78.
Pamungkas, A and Purwitaningsih, S (2019) Green and grey infrastructures approaches in flood reduction. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 343–62.
Rafi, M M, Lodi, S H, Ahmed, M, Kumar, A and Verjee, F (2016) Development of building inventory for northern Pakistan for seismic risk reduction. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 501-20.
Rautela, P, Joshi, G C and Ghildiyal, S (2019) Economics of seismic safety for earthquake-prone Himalayan province of Uttarakhand in India. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 10(05), 317–42.
Shahin, M, Billah, M, Islam, M M, Parvez, A and Zaman, A M (2020) Cyclone shelters need sustainable development. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 659–78.
Subedi, J, Ghimire, R M, Neupane, R P and Amatya, S (2016) Cost difference of buildings in Kathmandu constructed with and without earthquake safer features. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(05), 444-59.
- Type: Journal Article
- Keywords: cost increase; building code; earthquake safer buildings; Kathmandu valley; reinforced concrete buildings with infill
- ISBN/ISSN:
- URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-10-2014-0073
- Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate increase in the cost of reinforced concrete buildings in Kathmandu valley constructed using earthquake safer features in comparison with that of buildings constructed using conventional approach without earthquake safety features. Design/methodology/approach Five buildings constructed using earthquake safer features and five buildings constructed without using these features are selected. A cost comparison of both types of buildings is done, and the total cost is also compared for structural, nonstructural and service components in the buildings. Findings The cost analysis of buildings constructed in Kathmandu valley shows that there is 10 per cent increase in cost for earthquake safer construction in comparison to construction using conventional approach. This increase in cost can be a deterrent factor for house owners to switch to safer construction practices which ultimately leads to lack of compliance from house owners. A successful implementation of building code in a country like Nepal, where most of the buildings are constructed from informal sector, requires compliance of the code from all stakeholders. Awareness raising can be a deciding factor for success in building code enforcement. Research limitations/implications The study is done for only two types of constructions prevalent in Kathmandu: one using simplified codal method and another using conventional method. Only five samples of each types are taken into consideration. The building sample, however, is typical and representative of the two types of the construction practice. Practical implications The information from this study will be useful for making policy decisions for enforcement of building codes and also for assessment of economic loss in future earthquakes. Social implications This research output will help to redesign building code enforcement projects in Nepal and other countries in the region with similar issues. Originality/value The building samples, analysis and output are original contribution of authors, and it contributes to fulfill the gap for such study.
Tasantab, J C, Gajendran, T, von Meding, J and Maund, K (2020) Perceptions and deeply held beliefs about responsibility for flood risk adaptation in Accra Ghana. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 11(05), 631–44.