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Al-saeed, Y W, Ahmed, A and Pärn, E A (2020) An 80-year projection of nZEB strategies in extreme climatic conditions of Iraq. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 472–92.

Antwi-Afari, M F, Li, H, Edwards, D J, Pärn, E A, Seo, J and Wong, A (2017) Effects of different weights and lifting postures on balance control following repetitive lifting tasks in construction workers. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 35(03), 247–63.

Assaf, S, Hassanain, M A and Abdallah, A (2018) Review and assessment of the causes of deficiencies in design documents for large construction projects. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 300–17.

Cooper, J, Lee, A and Jones, K (2020) Sustainable built asset management performance indicators and attributes. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 508–22.

Defoe, P S (2018) The consideration of trees in rights of light cases Part 2. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 318–32.

Forsythe, P (2017) Quantifying the recurring nature of fitout to assist LCA studies in office buildings. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 35(03), 233–46.

Gerges, M, Penn, S, Moore, D, Boothman, C and Liyanage, C (2018) Multi-storey residential buildings and occupant’s behaviour during fire evacuation in the UK. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 234–53.

Hoxha, V (2019) Measuring embodied CO2 emission in construction materials in Kosovo apartments. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 405–21.

Ismail, Z (2019) An Integrated Computerised Maintenance Management System (I-CMMS) for IBS building maintenance. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 326–43.

Ji, Y, Lee, A and Swan, W (2019) Retrofit modelling of existing dwellings in the UK: the Salford Energy House case study. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 344–60.

Milion, R N, Alves, T d C and Paliari, J C (2017) Impacts of residential construction defects on customer satisfaction. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 35(03), 218–32.

Mohamed, I F, Edwards, D J, Mateo-Garcia, M, Costin, G and Thwala, W D D (2019) An investigation into the construction industry’s view on fire prevention in high-rise buildings post Grenfell. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 451–71.

Mohamed, M, Pärn, E A and Edwards, D J (2017) Brexit: measuring the impact upon skilled labour in the UK construction industry. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 35(03), 264–79.

Ofori-Boadu, A N, Abrokwah, R Y, Gbewonyo, S and Fini, E (2018) Effect of swine-waste bio-char on the water absorption characteristics of cement pastes. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 283–99.

  • Type: Journal Article
  • Keywords: Sustainability; Concrete; Cement; Bio-char; Swine-waste; Water absorption;
  • ISBN/ISSN: 2398-4708
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBPA-11-2017-0055
  • Abstract:
    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of an admixture, Swine-waste Bio-char (SB), on the water absorption characteristics of cement pastes. Design/methodology/approach The effect of SB percentages, heat treatment temperatures, water/binder ratios, and age on the water absorption percentages (WAPs) of SB modified cement pastes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectra, FTIR, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and laboratory experiments. Findings The WAPs of cement pastes with SBs produced at the low treatment temperature (LTT) of 340°C and 400°C were significantly lower (p<0.01) than pastes with SBs produced at the high treatment temperature (HTT) of 600°C and 800°C. This was attributed primarily to the more dominant presence of hydrophobic alkyl surface groups from non-volatilized matter in LTT-SBs. This had also resulted in lower surface areas and pore volumes in LTT-SBs. As a result of the volatilization of these labile hydrophobic groups at HTT, HTT-SBs were more hydrophilic and had higher surface areas and pore volumes. Consequently, HTT-SB pastes had higher WAPs and no significant differences (p<0.05) existed between HTT-SB pastes and control pastes. Also, low water/binder ratios and aging reduced water absorption of SB modified cement pastes. Practical implications LTT-SBs reduce water absorption and could reduce concrete deterioration; and as such, associated building repair, maintenance, and adaptation costs. Notably, reductions in concrete water absorption will extend the service life of concrete buildings and infrastructures, particularly in unfavorable environmental conditions. The observed benefits are tempered by the current lack of information on the effects of SB on compression strength, workability, and other durability properties. Social implications SB utilization in concrete buildings will enhance swine-waste disposal and reduce negative environmental impacts on swine farming communities; consequently, improving their quality of life. Originality/value Current bio-char research is focused on plant-derived bio-char toward soil remediation and contaminant removal, with very limited applications in concrete. This research advances knowledge for developing livestock-derived bio-char, as a PCRM, toward more sustainable and durable concrete structures.

Ofori-Boadu, A N, Shofoluwe, M A and Pyle, R (2017) Development of a Housing Eligibility Assessment Scoring Method for low-income urgent repair programs. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 35(03), 194–217.

Oladunjoye, O A, Proverbs, D G, Collins, B and Xiao, H (2019) A cost-benefit analysis model for the retrofit of sustainable urban drainage systems towards improved flood risk mitigation. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 423–39.

Onyenokporo, N C and Ochedi, E T (2019) Low-cost retrofit packages for residential buildings in hot-humid Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 250–72.

Rispoli, M and Organ, S (2019) The drivers and challenges of improving the energy efficiency performance of listed pre-1919 housing. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 288–305.

Rockow, Z R, Ross, B and Black, A K (2019) Review of methods for evaluating adaptability of buildings. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 273–87.

Sharifi, A A and Farahinia, A H (2020) Evaluation of the adaptive reuse potential of historic buildings and proposition of preventive-protective measures. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 493–507.

Simpson, E, Bradley, D and O’Keeffe, J (2018) Failure is an option: an innovative engineering curriculum. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 268–82.

Spigliantini, G, Fabi, V, Schweiker, M and Corgnati, S (2019) Historical buildings’ energy conservation potentialities. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 37(03), 306–25.

Wang, W, Zhang, S and Pasquire, C (2018) Factors for the adoption of green building specifications in China. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 36(03), 254–67.

Wang, Z (2019) Building internal heat dissipation of special shaped columns composed of concrete-filled square steel tubes based on thermal bridge models. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 38(03), 441–9.