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Ahmed, S and Sobuz, M H R (2019) Challenges of implementing lean construction in the construction industry in Bangladesh. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 174–207.

Bansal, S, Biswas, S and Singh, S (2018) Fuzzy TOPSIS based holistic assessment of regions: context of India. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 7(02), 166–81.

Behm, M and Hock, P C (2012) Safe design of skyrise greenery in Singapore. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 1(02), 186-205.

Bensalah, M, Elouadi, A and Mharzi, H (2019) Overview: the opportunity of BIM in railway. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 8(02), 103–16.

• Type: Journal Article
• Keywords: Management; Design; BIM; Building information modeling; Railway infrastructures; Architecture; Engineering and construction;
• ISBN/ISSN: 2046-6099
• URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/SASBE-11-2017-0060
• Abstract:
  The authors will give an overview of the railway market, with a focus on Morocco, before seeing the challenges to face, before listing some benefits of rail links in terms of development, ecology, security, space management, etc. The authors will then give an overview of the development of BIM, its benefits, risks and issues. The purpose of this paper is to verify that the BIM can provide the railway with the tools to face some of its challenges and improve its productivity. This paper is part of our research project on the integration of BIM in railway, which is the result of a partnership between Colas Rail Maroc and the ENSAK of the Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra. The objective of this paper is mainly to confirm that the integration of BIM with the railway, through a theoretical and practical study, can have positive impacts. To do this, our methodology consists in studying briefly the development of the railway, the need to improve the budgets and schedules of the projects, to increase the productivity, before showing the advantages of the BIM in the sector of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC). The study of feedback from railway projects (chosen for their date of completion – beyond 2014, their size, their geographical situation in several countries and for the availability of literature in a new field) will confirm the initial hypotheses. Among the projects studied will be a project that has been the subject of an article written by the authors of this paper. In the discussion of the results, the authors will focus on the benefits, risks and limitations of integrating BIM into the railway. In conclusion, the authors are laying the groundwork for future research in the field. The cases study discussed in this paper and previous research confirms the hypotheses of the literature. The integration of BIM into railway projects can have several advantages: collaboration, time saving, cost optimization, prevention of conflicts between networks, construction before construction, optimization of facility management, improvement of the quality of works, prefabrication. They also allowed us to illustrate the risks (status and appropriation of the BIM model, lack of standardization of versions or software and lack of understanding of the basics of schedules and specifications) and limitations (lack of feedback, lack of adaptability and convergence of tools). These experiences have also shown that the use of BIM is not just a technological transition, but a revolution in the project management process, which requires several key success factors (participation of all, commitment, change management and adoption of the collaborative approach). Visualization, collaboration and conflict elimination are the three main chapters where the benefits of BIM can be organized. In fact, there is a lot of intersection between these chapters, but they have been chosen as the main ideas around which all the benefits can be better understood. Visualization primarily addresses the benefits to an individual and improving one’s personal understanding as a result of using BIM. The collaboration refers to the cooperative action of several team members, which is encouraged and facilitated by BIM. Conflict elimination mainly concerns project-related benefits, such as conflict reduction, waste, risks, costs and time. For railway infrastructure projects, the main purpose of using BIM is to improve the design integration process, internal project team communication and collision detection to eliminate risk of rehabilitation. The application of the BIM process in railway infrastructure requires constant improvement. This concerns the development of libraries and the models available to all users in order to encourage the development of this methodology and, consequently, its use of information throughout the life cycle of an infrastructure work. The case study of real projects incorporating BIM confirms the results of the literature review. The benefits of integrating BIM into rail projects are multiple and proven: cost control, decision support, avoids extra work due to design errors, improves detection of interface problems, improves planning of vision, help with prefabrication and facility management, etc. Finally, the BIM process is able to overcome delays in procedures slowing the development of the construction industry in many countries, especially in Morocco, because of the slowness of design (or downright bad design). The integration of BIM into rail is becoming a global trend. This integration requires government decisions and a maturation of technology and tools. The authorities of some developed countries studied (Sweden, UK, France, Germany) in the railways, at different stages of implementation, are adopting BIM in the process of setting up new railway projects. This political impulse is still behind in southern countries, such as Morocco. The trend and the data collected indicate an adoption between 2020 and 2030 of BIM in all/some AEC projects in developed countries. This will have an impact on other countries that will soon be doing the same, especially in the railway sector to adopt the BIM. As part of the realization of this paper, we proceeded to the implementation of an electrical substation as part of the project to build 40 electric traction substations built by Colas Rail on behalf of ONCF.

Bu, S, Shen, G, Anumba, C J, Wong, A K D and Liang, X (2015) Literature review of green retrofit design for commercial buildings with BIM implication. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 188-214.

Buckman, A H, Mayfield, M and Beck, S B M (2014) What is a Smart Building?. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 3(02), 92-109.

Capitanio, M (2018) More green space in Japanese shopping streets. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 7(02), 212–22.

Chan, A P C, Wong, F K W and Yang, Y (2016) From innovation to application of personal cooling vest. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 111-24.

Clarke, N J, Kuipers, M C and Roos, J (2019) Cultural resilience and the Smart and Sustainable City. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 144–55.

Dar, J (2019) Solar splitting day-lighting system “SolsDays”: the first beam splitting day-lighting system. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 130–43.

de Casas Castro Marins, K R (2014) A method for energy efficiency assessment during urban energy planning. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 3(02), 132-52.

Dhar, T K, Hossain, M S M and Rahaman, K R (2013) How does flexible design promote resource efficiency for housing? A study of Khulna, Bangladesh. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(02), 140-57.

Foliente, G and Seo, S (2012) Modelling building stock energy use and carbon emission scenarios. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 1(02), 118-38.

Fouchal, F, Ellis, K, Hassan, T and Firth, S (2013) ICT-enabled energy efficiency – a lens onto practices of other sectors. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(02), 158-78.

García-León, R A, Quintero-Quintero, W and Rodriguez-Castilla, M (2019) Thermal analysis of three motorcycle disc brakes. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 208–26.

Guo, S, Shen, G, Yang, J, Sun, B and Xue, F (2015) Embodied energy of service trading in Hong Kong. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 234-48.

Hammad, A, Akbarnezhad, A, Grzybowska, H, Wu, P and Wang, X (2019) Mathematical optimisation of location and design of windows by considering energy performance, lighting and privacy of buildings. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 8(02), 117–37.

Hardie, M, Allen, J and Newell, G (2013) Environmentally driven technical innovation by Australian construction SMEs. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(02), 179-91.

Hayles, C S, Dean, M, Lappin, S A and McCullough, J E (2013) Climate change adaptation: A decision support framework to encourage environmentally responsible behaviour. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(02), 192-214.

Javed, N, Thaheem, M J, Bakhtawar, B, Nasir, A R, Khan, K I A and Gabriel, H F (2019) Managing risk in green building projects: toward a dedicated framework. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 156–73.

Jukic, D and Carmichael, D G (2016) Emission and cost effects of training for construction equipment operators: A field study. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 96-110.

Kaboli, A S and Carmichael, D G (2014) Truck dispatching and minimum emissions earthmoving. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 3(02), 170-86.

Kasai, S, Li, N and Fang, D (2015) A system-of-systems approach to understanding urbanization – state of the art and prospect. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 154-71.

Kayan, B A, Forster, A M and Banfill, P F G (2016) Green Maintenance for historic masonry buildings: an option appraisal approach. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 143-64.

Komolafe, M O, Oyewole, M O and Gbadegesin, J T (2019) Stakeholders’ relevance in sustainable residential property development. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 112–29.

Lundgren, M S (2016) Energy and architectural consequences of Swedish building code. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 125-42.

Manda Putra, R, Muhammad Tang, U, Ikhwan Siregar, Y and Thamrin (2018) Sustainability analysis of the management of Lake Baru in Buluh Cina Village, Indonesia. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 7(02), 182–211.

Meistad, T (2014) How energy efficient office buildings challenge and contribute to usability. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 3(02), 110-31.

Newman, P W (2015) Transport infrastructure and sustainability: a new planning and assessment framework. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 140-53.

Olanipekun, A O, Oshodi, O S, Darko, A and Omotayo, T (2019) The state of corporate social responsibility practice in the construction sector. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 91–111.

Pathania, A K, Goyal, B and Saini, J R (2017) Diffusion of adoption of solar energy – a structural model analysis. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 6(02), 66-83.

Randeree, K and Ahmed, N (2019) The social imperative in sustainable urban development. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 8(02), 138–49.

Reeve, A C, Desha, C, Hargreaves, D and Hargroves, K (2015) Biophilic urbanism: contributions to holistic urban greening for urban renewal. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 215-33.

Ren, Z, Chrysostomou, V and Price, T (2012) The measurement of carbon performance of construction activities: A case study of a hotel construction project in South Wales. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 1(02), 153-71.

Sajjadian, S M (2016) Dynamic modelling of solar storage system: a case study of leisure centre. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 165-75.

Sanchez, A, X, Lehtiranta, L, Hampson, K D and Kenley, R (2014) Evaluation framework for green procurement in road construction. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 3(02), 153-69.

Siew, R Y J, Balatbat, M C A and Carmichael, D G (2013) A review of building/infrastructure sustainability reporting tools (SRTs). Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(02), 106-39.

Smits, M W M (2019) A quasi-experimental method for testing rural design support within a DRM framework. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 8(02), 150–87.

Suresh, N, Kumar, M and Arul Daniel, S (2019) Multi-agent strategy for low voltage DC supply for a smart home. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 9(02), 73–90.

Tazilan, A (2012) Identifying microarchitecture for sustainable design in Malaysia. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 1(02), 172-85.

van den Bosch, C C K (2016) Tree agency and urban forest governance. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 5(02), 176-88.

Yildirim, K, Hidayetoglu, M L and Sen, A (2012) Effects on sustainability of various skylight systems in buildings with an atrium. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 1(02), 139-52.

Zheng, W, Shen, G, Wang, H and Lombardi, P (2015) Critical issues in spatial distribution of public housing estates and their implications on urban renewal in Hong Kong. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 4(02), 172-87.